WASHER FASTENER
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Washers

are a common type of fastener used to provide additional support and prevent damage to the materials being joined together. They are typically placed between a fastener (such as a bolt or screw) and the material it is connecting to.
Types of Washers:
  • Flat Washers:The most common type, with a flat outer diameter and a slightly smaller inner diameter. They are used to distribute the load of the fastener over a larger area, preventing the material from being damaged.
  • Lock Washers: Designed to prevent the fastener from loosening due to vibration or other factors. They come in various shapes, including split, wavy, and serrated.
  • Spring Washers: Provide a constant force that helps to maintain tension on the fastener. They are often used in applications where vibration is a concern.
  • Fender Washers: Large, flat washers with a beveled edge. They are commonly used in automotive applications to protect the bodywork from damage.


  • Specialty Washers:There are many other specialized washers available, such as O-rings, nylon washers, and lock nuts, each with its own specific function.
Functions of Washers:
  • Load distribution: Spreading the load of the fastener over a larger area.
  • Vibration resistance: Preventing loosening of the fastener due to vibration.
  • Corrosion protection: Providing a barrier between the fastener and the material.
  • Gasket sealing:Sealing gaps between surfaces
  • Aesthetics: Improving the appearance of the assembly.
Choosing the Right Washer:
  • Material: The material of the washer should be compatible with the fastener and the materials being joined.
  • Size: The washer should be large enough to distribute the load but not so large that it interferes with the assembly.
  • Thickness: The thickness of the washer should be appropriate for the application and the desired level of load distribution.